Form and Design 建築形式與設計

As for the roofs of Macao’s Lingnan style architectures, there is another distinctive design called “Three components” (Figure 6), particularly on the eaves of the sloping roofs, which can make functions in rainproof. This including Eave drip (滴水瓦), Rafter-end cushion (鸡胸飞子) and Fascia board (封檐板).

此外，澳門嶺南建築的屋頂，還有一個獨特的設計，叫做"簷口三件"，特別是在斜屋頂的屋簷，可以起到防雨的作用，包括滴水瓦、雞胸飛子和封簷板。

​

The function of eave drip is to redirect rainwater from the edge of the roof tiles to fall straight down towards the ground, rather than seeping underneath the eave and potentially causing damage to the gable end wall. This is achieved by guiding the rainwater along the eave and away from the building. Rafter-end cushion, is the wrap-up treatment by the rafter end underneath at the eaves. The purpose of the rafter-end cushion is to provide an additional layer on top of the existing rafters and slightly elevate the edge of the roof slope, allowing rainwater to flow more easily down the roof and prevent water from accumulating. The fascia board is used to cover the joint between the rafter-end cushion and the rafter, and to provide a shield for the underlying structural timber beams against wind and rain. The width of the board needs to be sufficient to provide adequate screening and protection.

其中，滴水板的作用是將雨水從屋頂瓦片的邊緣直接落到地面上，而不是滲入屋簷下。這種減少對屋簷端牆體造成潛在的損害的方式可以通過引導雨水沿著屋簷和遠離建築物來實現。雞胸飛子，是由屋簷下的椽端進行的包裹性處理，目的是在現有的椽子上提供一個額外的層，並略微抬高屋頂坡度的邊緣，使雨水更容易流下屋頂，防止積水。封簷板，用於覆蓋雞胸飛子和椽子之間的連接處，並為底層的結構木梁提供一個擋風和擋雨的屏障。封簷板的寬度需要足以提供足夠的遮罩和保護。此外，中西藥局舊址的外觀仍可看到此設計。